The Ganga Water Treaty, a crucial agreement between India and Bangladesh, signed on December 12, 1996, is due for renewal in 2026. 

As this date approaches, preparations for its renewal have been underway, involving significant internal reviews and stakeholder consultations.

This treaty is to facilitate the sharing of Ganga/Ganges waters at the Farakka barrage during the lean season and spans thirty years.

The Ministry of Jal Shakti, in collaboration with stakeholders including the West Bengal government, has conducted the necessary preparatory work for the Treaty’s renewal. 

The internal committee submitted its final report on June 14, 2024, which is currently under examination by the Ministry. This comprehensive review aims to ensure that all concerns and requirements of the stakeholders are addressed in the renewed agreement.

This was followed by the Ministry of Jal Shakti establishing a Joint Technical Committee to initiate discussions between India and Bangladesh. 

This committee will play a pivotal role in negotiating the terms of the renewed Ganga Water Treaty, ensuring it continues to meet the needs of both nations and the respective states within India.

Background

On July 24, 2023, the Ministry of Jal Shakti constituted an internal committee to review the Ganga Water Treaty. This committee includes representatives from key stakeholders, such as the governments of Bihar and West Bengal. 

West Bengal’s involvement became official when it nominated its representative to the committee on August 25, 2023.

Since its formation, the internal committee has held four meetings: on August 22, 2023, October 30, 2023, March 15, 2024, and May 31, 2024. 

West Bengal has actively participated in these discussions, represented by officials from the Irrigation and Waterways Department, including either the Joint Secretary or the Chief Engineer (Design & Research). 

Their engagement was consistent, attending all meetings held after their nomination.

Concerns Voiced by West Bengal

In addition to participating in these meetings, the West Bengal government has voiced specific concerns and requirements regarding the Treaty. On April 5, 2024, West Bengal communicated its needs for drinking water and industrial water, highlighting the importance of these resources for the state. 

This requirement was reiterated by West Bengal’s representative during the committee’s last meeting on May 31, 2024.

Importance of the Renewal

The renewal of the Ganga Water Treaty beyond 2026 is a critical issue, given the growing demand for water resources and the changing environmental landscape. 

The active participation and input from West Bengal, alongside other stakeholders, are vital in shaping an agreement that will continue to support regional stability and development.

Bottom line

The proactive steps taken by the Ministry of Jal Shakti and the involvement of stakeholders such as West Bengal underscore the importance of the Ganga Water Treaty. 

It is essential not only for maintaining regional water security but also for fostering cooperation between India and Bangladesh. 

As discussions progress, the aim is to create a mutually beneficial agreement that ensures sustainable water sharing practices and addresses the evolving needs of the regions dependent on the Ganga waters.

Source: The Financial Express

BDST: 1016 HRS, JUNE 26, 2024
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